UNIT 37: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

UNIT 37: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

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LO1 Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector

History: pilgrimages, the grand tours, post industrial revolution, post war, current; factors facilitating growth eg technology, time, money, freedom of movement, infrastructure, social conditions; possible future developments eg sustainability Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation services; passenger transport; relationships and links, levels of integration; Liepers tourist system, chain of distribution; private, public and voluntary sectors

LO2 Understand the influence of local and national governments and international agencies on the travel and tourism sector

 Influence: direct, indirect; economic policy, political change, planning to minimise negative effects of tourism Government: levels eg local, regional, national, European Union; Government sponsored bodies, regional tourist boards; functions, interrelationships International agencies: agencies eg United Nations, World Tourism Organisation, World Travel and Tourism Council, International Civil Aviation Organisation, International Air Transport Association; functions, interrelationships with governments

LO3 Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism sector

 Demand: demographics; technological; emerging economies; political stability; changing work patterns and workforce; environmentalism; globalisation; macro-economics eg influence of currency exchange rates, interest rates, inflation, level of disposable income Supply: provision eg accommodation, tour operators, quality, service, types of products, seasonality, technology intermediaries, sustainability

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LO4 Understand the impacts of tourism

 Positive: economic eg direct and indirect income, direct and indirect employment, multiplier effects, contribution to gross national product, influence on the growth of other sectors within the economy, generation of foreign exchange and government revenues; environmental eg conservation and enhancement of natural areas, historic and cultural sites, infrastructure improvement, increasing environmental awareness by tourists and host communities; social eg conservation/preservation of cultural heritage, cross cultural exchange and education Negative: economic eg leakage, inflation, seasonality, overdependence; environmental eg pollution, damage to natural and built environment, wildlife, water overuse, waste disposal; social eg loss of amenity to host community, overcrowding, commercialisation of culture, reinforcement of stereotypes, loss of authenticity, rise in crime

UNIT 37: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

Learning outcomes and assessment criteria

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of this unit a learner will:

 LO1 Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector

Assessment criteria for pass

The learner can:

1.1 explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector

 1.2 explain the structure of the travel and tourism sector

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 LO2 Understand the influence of local and national governments and international agencies on the travel and tourism sector

2.1 analyse the function of government, government sponsored bodies and international agencies in travel and tourism

2.2 explain how local and national economic policy influences the success of the travel and tourism sector

2.3 discuss the implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in different countries

LO3 Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism sector

3.1 explain factors affecting tourism demand

3.2 explain how supply has changed to meet the effects of demand

LO4 Understand the impacts of tourism

4.1 evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impacts of tourism

 4.2 explain strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while maximising the positive impacts

UNIT 37: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

Guidance
Links
This unit introduces learners to the travel and tourism sector and links with most units in this qualification. This unit maps to the following Management NVQ unit:

B8: Ensure compliance with legal, regulatory, ethical and social requirements.

Essential requirements

Any evidence submitted for criteria requiring the practical demonstration of skills, eg role plays or the ability to work independently, must be supported by observation sheet(s) signed by the assessor and identify how the specific criteria have been met. The assessment strategy must be designed to suit the needs of the individual learners and the local work environment of the country in which they are studying.

Employer engagement and vocational contexts

A team of employers could be identified to support the different units. Employers could help tutors, for example, with the planning of programmes of learning, or provision of visits, guest speakers and mentors. They could also help to design assessment activities. The delivery of this unit would be enhanced by employer engagement involving, for example, local travel agencies, tourist attractions and particularly the local tourist board. Learners could, for example, meet with employers from a local travel agency to learn about the supply and demand of the travel and tourism sector. Sustained links with the travel agency may support further units as well as work placement opportunities. A talk by a representative of the local tourist board would help learners’ understanding of the role of government and the negative and positive effects of tourism in their area. Learners would benefit from visiting travel and tourism businesses. A range of guest speakers would also be beneficial. Learners must also be encouraged to become student members of professional organisations.

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